El-Hijaz

CARBON CAPSULES: A SMART SOLUTION FOR RENEWABLE LIGHT ENERGY CONDUCTORS

2026-10-25T06:32:33+00:00

This research explored the potential of pencil graphite as an alternative filament in incandescent lamps, replacing the commonly used tungsten. Using a quantitative approach and experimental methods, the study tested the effectiveness of two forms of graphite, rods and powder, as electrical conductors. The results showed that the graphite rods, with a voltage of 8.18 V and a current of 9.0 A, were able to conduct electricity and produce light, making them a potential alternative filament for incandescent lamps. In contrast, the graphite powder could not generate a significant electric current because of its high electrical resistance, which resulted from low particle density. Further analysis showed that the electrical resistance of the graphite rods was quite low, allowing the current to flow efficiently and the rods to emit light. This study concludes that graphite rods have potential as environmentally friendly and economical filaments in incandescent lamps, whereas graphite powder proved ineffective as an electrical conductor. This research provides initial insights for the development of more sustainable lighting technologies, although additional research is needed to evaluate the durability and energy efficiency of graphite in practical applications.

Keywords: energy efficiency, graphite, incandescent lamp, lighting technology, renewable energy

EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN SALURAN DRAINASE TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN BANJIR DI WILAYAH INDUSTRI KECAMATAN DRIYOREJO KABUPATEN GRESIK

2026-10-25T06:22:27+00:00

Flooding is an annual disaster in Driyorejo District, Gresik Regency, a densely populated industrial area. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of drainage channels in preventing floods in Sumput Village, Driyorejo. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through field surveys, interviews, participatory observation, and focus group discussions (FGD) involving the village head, neighborhood unit (RT) heads, and local residents. The results show that flooding in Sumput Village is caused by the shrinking of water-absorption areas due to urbanization, high rainfall, drainage channels that do not function optimally because they are clogged with garbage and are not connected to temporary water retention ponds, the lack of land for building such ponds, low public awareness of proper waste disposal, and limited attention from the local government. A comparison with the SIER industrial estate in Rungkut, Surabaya, indicates that retention ponds connected to the drainage system help prevent flooding. Flood management in Driyorejo requires collaboration between the government and the community to improve drainage infrastructure, provide retention ponds, and raise awareness of environmental cleanliness.

Keyword: drainage channels, driyorejo, flood, industrial area, temporary water reservoir, urbanization

PEMANFAATAN ANGIN DARAT DAN ANGIN LAUT UNTUK MENCARI IKAN DI DESA WERU PACIRAN LAMONGAN

2026-10-25T05:54:37+00:00

Indonesia, with its wealth of natural resources, especially fisheries in coastal areas, plays an important role in the local economy. In Weru Village, Paciran, Lamongan, fishermen take advantage of the land breeze and sea breeze phenomena to find fish. This study aims to explore the use of these wind phenomena and to compare temperature, air humidity, and wind speed between the seashore and areas farther from the seashore. The study employed field research and quantitative methods, involving direct interviews with fishermen and measurements of temperature, wind speed, and air humidity using a weather application. The results show that fishermen in Weru Village rely on the land breeze in the early morning to sail out to sea and on the sea breeze during the day to return to land. This phenomenon reflects the convection process known in physics as heat transfer between land and sea. Quantitative field data reveal that temperature, air humidity, and wind speed vary between the seashore and more distant areas, supporting the fishermen’s strategies in determining the best time to go to sea. This study confirms that the land breeze and sea breeze phenomena are a practical application of the physical theory of heat transfer. In addition, the findings underscore the importance of understanding meteorological conditions for optimizing fishing activities in coastal villages. This study also notes that modern technology, such as generator sets and GPS, is increasingly used by fishermen to improve efficiency and safety in fishing activities.

Keywords: convection, fishermen, heat transfer, land breeze, sea breeze

UJI EFEKTIVITAS TEPUNG KULIT PISANG KEPOK SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENGGANTI TEPUNG TERIGU BAGI PENDERITA OBESITAS

2026-10-25T15:34:31+00:00

Obesity has become an urgent global health problem, with a prevalence that continues to rise worldwide. One alternative approach is to use banana peels as a low-calorie flour. This study aimed to determine the effect of Kepok banana peel flour on people with obesity. The study used an experimental method with two subjects of different body weights. Data were collected through observation designed to measure the success of the treatment. The results showed that Kepok banana peel flour had a less significant effect on weight loss when it was not accompanied by a healthy lifestyle. It can be concluded that Kepok banana peel flour alone is less effective for reducing body weight in people with obesity. Therefore, people with obesity are recommended to consume Kepok banana peel flour in combination with a healthy lifestyle.

Keyword: banana peel flour; kepok banana peel; nutritional content; obesity; organic waste; wheat flour

IDENTIFIKASI MIKROBA PADA AIR DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KESEHATAN KULIT SANTRI

2026-10-25T06:26:23+00:00

Water is essential for daily needs, yet it can be contaminated by microorganisms that may affect health. This study aimed to identify the microbes found in the water at An Nashriyah Islamic boarding school (pesantren), Bahrul Ulum, Tambakberas, Jombang, East Java, and to examine their potential impact on the skin health of the students (santri). A descriptive qualitative approach was used. Water samples were taken over one week from two sources, the bathroom tap and the bathroom water tank, and observed under a light microscope at 10×10 magnification. Microorganisms were identified by comparing their morphology with a senior high school biology textbook. The first observation revealed bacilli (monobacilli, diplobacilli, and streptobacilli) and cyanobacteria (Oscillatoria sp.). The second observation revealed coccus-, bacillus-, and spiral-shaped bacteria, as well as protozoa of the rhizopod and flagellate classes. The pH was 7.05 in the tank water and 7.43 in the tap water. Some of the bacterial groups observed include genera known to cause skin infections, such as Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. Because identification was based on morphology only, confirmation through culture, Gram staining, and biochemical tests is recommended, together with regular water-quality monitoring and improved sanitation at the pesantren.

Keyword: bacteria, microbial identification, pesantren, protozoa, skin health, water

KAJIAN KUALITAS AIR LAUT DAN INDEKS PENCEMARAN BERDASARKAN PARAMETER FISIKA DI PANTAI SEMILIR JENU TUBAN

2026-10-25T06:14:04+00:00

Seawater quality is a key determinant of the ecological health and tourism value of coastal areas. This study aimed to assess the seawater quality of Semilir Jenu Beach, Tuban, East Java, based on physical parameters and to calculate the pollution index to determine its water quality status. The study used a quantitative approach with a field research design. Temperature, pH, and total dissolved solids (TDS) were measured directly at six observation times on June 25, 2024, using a digital thermometer, a digital pH meter, and a TDS meter. The data were analyzed using the Nemerow and Sumitomo Pollution Index and compared with the seawater quality standards stipulated in Decree of the State Minister of the Environment No. 51 of 2004. The pollution index (PI) values were 0.76 for temperature, 1.08 for pH, and 0.96 for TDS. Temperature and TDS met the quality standards (good condition), whereas pH fell into the lightly polluted category. Overall, based on the physical parameters measured, the seawater quality at Semilir Jenu Beach remained good and suitable for recreation. This study provides baseline information for coastal environmental management. Regular monitoring that also covers chemical and biological parameters is recommended to obtain a more comprehensive assessment.

Keyword: acidity level, physical parameters, pollution index, seawater quality, temperature, total dissolved solids